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Original Articles
Metabolic Risk/Epidemiology
Association of Myosteatosis with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Severity, and Liver Fibrosis Using Visual Muscular Quality Map in Computed Tomography
Hwi Seung Kim, Jiwoo Lee, Eun Hee Kim, Min Jung Lee, In Young Bae, Woo Je Lee, Joong-Yeol Park, Hong-Kyu Kim, Chang Hee Jung
Diabetes Metab J. 2023;47(1):104-117.   Published online January 26, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2022.0081
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  • 7 Web of Science
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AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   ePub   
Background
The association of myosteatosis measured using visual muscular quality map in computed tomography (CT) with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), its severity, and fibrosis was analyzed in a large population.
Methods
Subjects (n=13,452) with abdominal CT between 2012 and 2013 were measured total abdominal muscle area (TAMA) at L3 level. TAMA was segmented into intramuscular adipose tissue and skeletal muscle area (SMA), which was further classified into normal attenuation muscle area (NAMA) and low attenuation muscle area (LAMA). The following variables were adopted as indicators of myosteatosis: SMA/body mass index (BMI), NAMA/BMI, NAMA/TAMA, and LAMA/BMI. NAFLD and its severity were assessed by ultrasonography, and liver fibrosis was measured by calculating the NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS) and fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4) scores.
Results
According to multiple logistic regression analyses, as quartiles of SMA/BMI, NAMA/BMI, and NAMA/TAMA increased, the odds ratios (ORs) for NAFLD decreased in each sex (P for trend <0.001 for all). The ORs of moderate/severe NAFLD were significantly higher in the Q1 group than in the Q4 group for SMA/BMI, NAMA/BMI, and NAMA/TAMA in men. The ORs of intermediate/high liver fibrosis scores assessed by NFS and FIB-4 scores increased linearly with decreasing quartiles for SMA/BMI, NAMA/BMI, and NAMA/TAMA in each sex (P for trend <0.001 for all). Conversely, the risk for NAFLD and fibrosis were positively associated with LAMA/BMI quartiles in each sex (P for trend <0.001 for all).
Conclusion
A higher proportion of good quality muscle was associated with lower risks of NAFLD and fibrosis.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Association of Myosteatosis with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Severity, and Liver Fibrosis Using Visual Muscular Quality Map in Computed Tomography (Diabetes Metab J 2023;47:104-17)
    Hwi Seung Kim, Hong-Kyu Kim, Chang Hee Jung
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2023; 47(2): 304.     CrossRef
  • Association of Myosteatosis with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Severity, and Liver Fibrosis Using Visual Muscular Quality Map in Computed Tomography (Diabetes Metab J 2023;47:104-17)
    Eun Roh
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2023; 47(2): 301.     CrossRef
  • Sarcopenia, a condition shared by various diseases: can we alleviate or delay the progression?
    Giovanni Tarantino, Gaia Sinatti, Vincenzo Citro, Silvano Santini, Clara Balsano
    Internal and Emergency Medicine.2023; 18(7): 1887.     CrossRef
  • Association of Visceral Fat Obesity, Sarcopenia, and Myosteatosis with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease without Obesity
    Hong-Kyu Kim, Sung-Jin Bae, Min Jung Lee, Eun Hee Kim, Hana Park, Hwi Seung Kim, Yun Kyung Cho, Chang Hee Jung, Woo Je Lee, Jaewon Choe
    Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2023; 29(4): 987.     CrossRef
  • Current view of the surgical anatomy of the anterolateral abdominal wall muscles and their aponeuroses
    A.V. Pavlov, A.S. Baranova, A.V. Fedoseyev, A.I. Vvedensky, G.S. Lazutina, N.V. Ovchinnikova, I.V. Bakharev
    Operativnaya khirurgiya i klinicheskaya anatomiya (Pirogovskii nauchnyi zhurnal).2023; 7(3): 44.     CrossRef
  • Muscle Fat Content Is Associated with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Liver Fibrosis in Chinese Adults
    W. Guo, X. Zhao, D. Cheng, X. Liang, M. Miao, X. Li, J. Lu, N. Xu, Shuang Hu, Qun Zhang
    The Journal of nutrition, health and aging.2023; 27(11): 960.     CrossRef
Metabolic Risk/Epidemiology
Sex Differences of Visceral Fat Area and Visceral-to-Subcutaneous Fat Ratio for the Risk of Incident Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Eun Hee Kim, Hong-Kyu Kim, Min Jung Lee, Sung-Jin Bae, Jaewon Choe, Chang Hee Jung, Chul-Hee Kim, Joong-Yeol Park, Woo Je Lee
Diabetes Metab J. 2022;46(3):486-498.   Published online November 18, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2021.0095
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  • 18 Web of Science
  • 22 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   ePub   
Background
This study aimed to determine the optimal cut-off values of visceral fat area (VFA) and visceral-to-subcutaneous fat ratio (VSR) for predicting incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Methods
A total of 10,882 individuals (6,835 men; 4,047 women) free of T2DM at baseline aged between 30 and 79 years who underwent abdominal computed tomography scan between 2012 and 2013 as a part of routine health check-ups were included and followed. VFA, subcutaneous fat area, and VSR on L3 vertebral level were measured at baseline.
Results
During a median follow-up of 4.8 years, 730 (8.1% for men; 4.3% for women) incident cases of T2DM were identified. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the optimal cut-off values of VFA and VSR for predicting incident T2DM were 130.03 cm2 and 1.08 in men, respectively, and 85.7 cm2 and 0.48 in women, respectively. Regardless of sex, higher VFA and VSR were significantly associated with a higher risk of incident T2DM. Compared with the lowest quartiles of VFA and VSR, the highest quartiles had adjusted odds ratios of 2.62 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.73 to 3.97) and 1.55 (95% CI, 1.14 to 2.11) in men, respectively, and 32.49 (95% CI, 7.42 to 142.02) and 11.07 (95% CI, 3.89 to 31.50) in women, respectively.
Conclusion
Higher VFA and VSR at baseline were independent risk factors for the development of T2DM. Sex-specific reference values for visceral fat obesity (VFA ≥130 cm2 or VSR ≥1.0 in men; VFA ≥85 cm2 or VSR ≥0.5 in women) are proposed for the prediction of incident T2DM.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Severity of adipose tissue dysfunction is associated with progression of pre-diabetes to type 2 diabetes: the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study
    Mohammad Jalali, Zahra Bahadoran, Parvin Mirmiran, Fereidoun Azizi, Farhad Hosseinpanah
    BMC Public Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Should insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), insulin secretion (HOMA-β), and visceral fat area be considered for improving the performance of diabetes risk prediction models
    Huan Hu, Tohru Nakagawa, Toru Honda, Shuichiro Yamamoto, Tetsuya Mizoue
    BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care.2024; 12(1): e003680.     CrossRef
  • Adipose organ dysfunction and type 2 diabetes: Role of nitric oxide
    Zahra Bahadoran, Parvin Mirmiran, Asghar Ghasemi
    Biochemical Pharmacology.2024; 221: 116043.     CrossRef
  • Prediction of high visceral adipose tissue for sex‐specific community residents in Taiwan
    Yu‐Hsuan Chang, Chin‐Sung Chang, Chieh‐Yu Liu, Yin‐Fan Chang, Shiow‐Ching Shun
    Nursing & Health Sciences.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Guidelines for obesity clinic consultations in primary healthcare clinics
    Jee-Hyun Kang, Kyoung-Kon Kim
    Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2024; 67(4): 240.     CrossRef
  • Correlation between fat-to-muscle mass ratio and cognitive impairment in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study
    Fan Wu, Yanlan Liu, Chenying Lin, Nahal Haghbin, Longfei Xia, Yaoshuang Li, Tong Chen, Huina Qiu, Weiran Jiang, Jingbo Li, Jingna Lin
    BMC Geriatrics.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Body Composition and Metabolic Dysfunction Really Matter for the Achievement of Better Outcomes in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer
    Mauricio A. Cuello, Fernán Gómez, Ignacio Wichmann, Felipe Suárez, Sumie Kato, Elisa Orlandini, Jorge Brañes, Carolina Ibañez
    Cancers.2023; 15(4): 1156.     CrossRef
  • MEDICINAL BIOMAGNETISM FOR THE TREATMENT OF OBESITY
    Ana Vergínia Campagnollo Bueno, Michelli Gonçalves Seneda, Ângela Mara Rambo, Ana Clara Campagnolo Gonçalves Toledo, Caroline Cabral de Azevedo, Adriane Viapiana Bossa
    Health and Society.2023; 3(01): 411.     CrossRef
  • Cumulative exposure to metabolic syndrome in a national population-based cohort of young adults and sex-specific risk for type 2 diabetes
    Min-Kyung Lee, Jae-Hyuk Lee, Seo Young Sohn, Jiyeon Ahn, Oak-Kee Hong, Mee-Kyoung Kim, Ki-Hyun Baek, Ki-Ho Song, Kyungdo Han, Hyuk-Sang Kwon
    Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The correlation between visceral fat/subcutaneous fat area ratio and monocyte/high-density lipoprotein ratio in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and albuminuria
    Haiyan Lin, Jun Zhu, Chen Zheng, Xiaoming Xu, Shandong Ye
    Journal of Diabetes and its Complications.2023; 37(11): 108521.     CrossRef
  • Effects of the abdominal fat distribution on the relationship between exposure to air pollutants and thyroid hormones among Korean adult males
    Hyun-Jin Kim, Byungmi Kim, Seyoung Kim, Hyuktae Kwon, Jae Moon Yun, Belong Cho, Jin-Ho Park
    European Journal of Medical Research.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Association of Visceral Fat Obesity, Sarcopenia, and Myosteatosis with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease without Obesity
    Hong-Kyu Kim, Sung-Jin Bae, Min Jung Lee, Eun Hee Kim, Hana Park, Hwi Seung Kim, Yun Kyung Cho, Chang Hee Jung, Woo Je Lee, Jaewon Choe
    Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2023; 29(4): 987.     CrossRef
  • Visceral adipose tissue reference data computed for GE HealthCare DXA from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data set
    Jonathan P. Bennett, Brandon K. Quon, Bo Fan, En Liu, Leila Kazemi, Rosa C. Villegas‐Valle, Raj Ahgun, Xian‐pin Wu, Hou‐De Zhou, Ying Lu, John A. Shepherd
    Obesity.2023; 31(12): 2947.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of bioelectrical body and visceral fat indices and anthropometric measures in relation to type 2 diabetes by sex among Chinese adults, a cross-sectional study
    Jiangshan He, Binbin Zhang, Yaqi Fan, Yuxue Wang, Mianzhi Zhang, Chunjun Li, Li Zhang, Pei Guo, Minying Zhang
    Frontiers in Public Health.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The predictive significance of lipid accumulation products for future diabetes in a non-diabetic population from a gender perspective: an analysis using time-dependent receiver operating characteristics
    Jiajun Qiu, Maobin Kuang, Yang Zou, Ruijuan Yang, Qing Shangguan, Dingyang Liu, Guotai Sheng, Wei Wang
    Frontiers in Endocrinology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Cellular interplay between cardiomyocytes and non-myocytes in diabetic cardiomyopathy
    Ren Jie Phang, Rebecca H. Ritchie, Derek J. Hausenloy, Jarmon G. Lees, Shiang Y. Lim
    Cardiovascular Research.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Implication of Sex Differences in Visceral Fat for the Assessment of Incidence Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
    Sang Hyeon Ju, Hyon-Seung Yi
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2022; 46(3): 414.     CrossRef
  • Visceral fat area and body fat percentage measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis correlate with glycometabolism
    Shuying Li, Shaoping Li, Jie Ding, Weihong Zhou
    BMC Endocrine Disorders.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The Demographic Specific Abdominal Fat Composition and Distribution Trends in US Adults from 2011 to 2018
    Furong Xu, Jacob E. Earp, Bryan J. Blissmer, Ingrid E. Lofgren, Matthew J. Delmonico, Geoffrey W. Greene
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(19): 12103.     CrossRef
  • Visceral Obesity Is a More Important Factor for Colorectal Adenomas than Skeletal Muscle or Body Fat
    Ji Yeon Seo, Yoo Min Han, Su Jin Chung, Seon Hee Lim, Jung Ho Bae, Goh Eun Chung
    Cancers.2022; 14(21): 5256.     CrossRef
  • Recent Advances in Visceral Obesity and Related Diseases
    佳佳 魏
    Advances in Clinical Medicine.2022; 12(12): 11686.     CrossRef
  • Gender differences in the ideal cutoffs of visceral fat area for predicting MAFLD in China
    Pingping Yu, Huachao Yang, Xiaoya Qi, Ruixue Bai, Shouqin Zhang, Jianping Gong, Ying Mei, Peng Hu
    Lipids in Health and Disease.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
Short Communications
Drug/Regimen
Clinical Efficacy of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor and Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist Combination Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Real-World Study
Hwi Seung Kim, Taekwan Yoon, Chang Hee Jung, Joong-Yeol Park, Woo Je Lee
Diabetes Metab J. 2022;46(4):658-662.   Published online November 8, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2021.0232
  • 65,535 View
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  • 7 Web of Science
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AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   ePub   
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) are novel anti-diabetic drugs whose glucose-lowering effect and cardiovascular and renal benefits were evidenced in clinical trials. We investigated the real-world efficacy and safety of the combination of SGLT2i and GLP-1RA in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Korea. The medical records of 104 patients who maintained the combination for at least 1 year were retrospectively reviewed. The change in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) after 6 months and 1 year of treatment was evaluated. The mean age was 51 years, and 41% were female. The mean baseline HbA1c, body mass index, and duration of diabetes were 9.0%, 28.8 kg/m2, and 11.7 years, respectively. Compared with baseline, the HbA1c decreased by 1.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.27 to 1.74; P<0.001) after 6 months and by 1.4% (95% CI, 1.19 to 1.70; P<0.001) after 1 year. Over 1 year, the bodyweight change was −2.8 kg (95% CI, −4.21 to −1.47; P<0.001). The combination of SGLT2i and GLP-1RA is effective and tolerable in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in real-world practice.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Effectiveness and safety of the combination of sodium–glucose transport protein 2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
    Aftab Ahmad, Hani Sabbour
    Cardiovascular Diabetology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Hormonal Gut–Brain Signaling for the Treatment of Obesity
    Eun Roh, Kyung Mook Choi
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2023; 24(4): 3384.     CrossRef
  • All‐cause mortality and cardiovascular outcomes with sodium‐glucose Co‐transporter 2 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists and with combination therapy in people with type 2 diabetes
    David R. Riley, Hani Essa, Philip Austin, Frank Preston, Isatu Kargbo, Gema Hernández Ibarburu, Ramandeep Ghuman, Daniel J. Cuthbertson, Gregory Y. H. Lip, Uazman Alam
    Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism.2023; 25(10): 2897.     CrossRef
  • The Efficacy and Safety of the Combination Therapy With GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and SGLT-2 Inhibitors in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
    Chen Li, Jie Luo, Mingyan Jiang, Keke Wang
    Frontiers in Pharmacology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Clinical Efficacy of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor and Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist Combination Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Real-World Study (Diabetes Metab J 2022;46: 658-62)
    Hwi Seung Kim, Woo Je Lee
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2022; 46(4): 665.     CrossRef
  • Clinical Efficacy of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor and Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist Combination Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Real-World Study (Diabetes Metab J 2022;46: 658-62)
    Tomoyuki Kawada
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2022; 46(4): 663.     CrossRef
  • Durability of glucose-lowering effect of dulaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A real-world data study
    Hwi Seung Kim, Yun Kyung Cho, Myung Jin Kim, Chang Hee Jung, Joong-Yeol Park, Woo Je Lee
    Frontiers in Endocrinology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
Drug/Regimen
Dulaglutide as an Effective Replacement for Prandial Insulin in Kidney Transplant Recipients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Review
Hwi Seung Kim, Jiwoo Lee, Chang Hee Jung, Joong-Yeol Park, Woo Je Lee
Diabetes Metab J. 2021;45(6):948-953.   Published online February 5, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2020.0180
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Graphical AbstractGraphical Abstract AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   ePub   
Dulaglutide, a weekly injectable glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, has demonstrated effectiveness when combined with basal insulin. We examined whether the efficacy of dulaglutide is comparable to that of prandial insulin in kidney transplant (KT) recipients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) undergoing multiple daily insulin injection (MDI) therapy. Thirty-seven patients, who switched from MDI therapy to basal insulin and dulaglutide, were retrospectively analyzed. Changes in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels, body weight, and basal insulin dose were evaluated over 6 months. Dulaglutide was comparable to three injections of prandial insulin in terms of glycemic control (HbA1c 7.1% vs. 7.0%; 95% confidence interval [CI], –0.53 to 0.28; P=0.53). The basal insulin and dulaglutide combination resulted in a reduction in FPG levels by 9.7 mg/dL (95% CI, 2.09 to 41.54; P=0.03), in body weight by 4.9 kg (95% CI, 2.87 to 6.98; P<0.001), and in basal insulin dose by 9.52 IU (95% CI, 5.80 to 3.23; P<0.001). Once-weekly dulaglutide may be an effective alternative for thrice-daily prandial insulin in KT recipients with T2DM currently receiving MDI therapy.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Diabetic Kidney Disease in Post-Kidney Transplant Patients
    Ngoc-Yen T. Pham, Diego Cruz, Luis Madera-Marin, Raja Ravender, Pablo Garcia
    Journal of Clinical Medicine.2024; 13(3): 793.     CrossRef
  • Safety and efficacy of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists among kidney transplant recipients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    Pajaree Krisanapan, Supawadee Suppadungsuk, Kanokporn Sanpawithayakul, Charat Thongprayoon, Pattharawin Pattharanitima, Supawit Tangpanithandee, Michael A Mao, Jing Miao, Wisit Cheungpasitporn
    Clinical Kidney Journal.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Sweet and simple as syrup: A review and guidance for use of novel antihyperglycemic agents for post‐transplant diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes mellitus after kidney transplantation
    S. Elise Lawrence, Mary Moss Chandran, Jeong M. Park, Helen Sweiss, Thomas Jensen, Palak Choksi, Barrett Crowther
    Clinical Transplantation.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Novel Drugs for the Management of Diabetes Kidney Transplant Patients: A Literature Review
    Nancy Daniela Valencia-Morales, Beatriz Rodríguez-Cubillo, Rómulo Katsu Loayza-López, Maria Ángeles Moreno de la Higuera, Ana Isabel Sánchez-Fructuoso
    Life.2023; 13(6): 1265.     CrossRef
  • Uso de los agonistas del receptor del péptido similar al glucagón tipo 1 en pacientes trasplantados renales
    Luis Alberto Vigara, Florentino Villanego, Cristhian Orellana, Myriam Eady, María Gabriela Sánchez, Marta Alonso, María Belén García, José Manuel Amaro, Teresa García, Auxiliadora Mazuecos
    Nefrología.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Tolerability and Effectiveness of Switching to Dulaglutide in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Inadequately Controlled With Insulin Therapy
    Youngsook Kim, Ji Hye Huh, Minyoung Lee, Eun Seok Kang, Bong-Soo Cha, Byung-Wan Lee
    Frontiers in Endocrinology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
Original Articles
Cardiovascular Risk/Epidemiology
Impact of Diabetes Control on Subclinical Atherosclerosis: Analysis from Coronary Computed Tomographic Angiography Registry
Gyung-Min Park, Chang Hoon Lee, Seung-Whan Lee, Sung-Cheol Yun, Young-Hak Kim, Yong-Giun Kim, Ki-Bum Won, Soe Hee Ann, Shin-Jae Kim, Dong Hyun Yang, Joon-Won Kang, Tae-Hwan Lim, Eun Hee Koh, Woo Je Lee, Min-Seon Kim, Joong-Yeol Park, Hong-Kyu Kim, Jaewon Choe, Sang-Gon Lee
Diabetes Metab J. 2020;44(3):470-479.   Published online November 22, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2019.0073
  • 8,664 View
  • 69 Download
  • 8 Web of Science
  • 8 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   
Background

There are limited data on the impact of diabetes control on the risk of subclinical coronary atherosclerosis.

Methods

We analyzed 6,434 consecutive asymptomatic individuals without previous history of coronary artery disease who underwent coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) (mean age, 53.7±7.6 years and 4,694 men [73.0%]). The degree and extent of subclinical coronary atherosclerosis were assessed by CCTA, and ≥50% diameter stenosis was defined as significant. A cardiac event was defined as a composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction, unstable angina, or coronary revascularization. Study participants were categorized as normal (n=5,319), controlled diabetes (glycosylated hemoglobin [HbA1c] <7%, n=747), or uncontrolled diabetes (HbA1c ≥7%, n=368), respectively.

Results

Compared with normal individuals, there were no statistically significant differences in the risk of for any atherosclerotic plaque (odds ratio [OR], 1.16; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.98 to 1.38; P=0.086) and significant coronary artery stenosis (OR, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.82 to 1.42; P=0.583) in controlled diabetic individuals. In contrast, uncontrolled diabetic individuals had consistently higher risks of any atherosclerotic plaque (OR, 2.16; 95% CI, 1.70 to 2.75; P<0.001) and significant coronary artery stenosis (OR, 3.34; 95% CI, 2.52 to 4.43; P<0.001) than normal individuals. During a follow-up of median 5.4 years, there was no significant difference in cardiac events between normal and controlled diabetic individuals (P=0.365). However, uncontrolled diabetes was associated with an increased risk of cardiac events compared with normal individuals (P<0.001) and controlled diabetic individuals (P=0.023).

Conclusion

Asymptomatic uncontrolled diabetes was associated with significant subclinical coronary atherosclerosis with subsequent high risk for cardiac events.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Carotid Ultrasound Abnormalities of People Living With HIV in Kunming, China: Multiple Correspondence Analysis Approach to Identify Influencing Factors
    Shuishui Pan, Haiyan Fu, Zhiqiong Ai, Chongxi Li, Jinsong Bai
    International Journal of STD & AIDS.2023; 34(10): 710.     CrossRef
  • Differential Impact of Degree of Hypertension on Subclinical Coronary Atherosclerosis in Asymptomatic Subjects With and Without Diabetes Mellitus
    Hyun Woo Park, Sangyong Jo, Kyung Sun Park, Hyeji Lee, Young-Jee Jeon, Sangwoo Park, Soe Hee Ann, Yong-Giun Kim, Seong Hoon Choi, Woon Jung Kwon, Young-Rak Cho, Jon Suh, Gyung-Min Park
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  • Exosomal MALAT1 Derived from High Glucose-Treated Macrophages Up-Regulates Resistin Expression via miR-150-5p Downregulation
    Kou-Gi Shyu, Bao-Wei Wang, Wei-Jen Fang, Chun-Ming Pan, Chiu-Mei Lin
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2022; 23(3): 1095.     CrossRef
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    Su Bin Kim, Hae Won Jung
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  • Time to Reach Target Glycosylated Hemoglobin Is Associated with Long-Term Durable Glycemic Control and Risk of Diabetic Complications in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A 6-Year Observational Study
    Kyoung Jin Kim, Jimi Choi, Jae Hyun Bae, Kyeong Jin Kim, Hye Jin Yoo, Ji A Seo, Nan Hee Kim, Kyung Mook Choi, Sei Hyun Baik, Sin Gon Kim, Nam Hoon Kim
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2021; 45(3): 368.     CrossRef
  • Frequency and Significance of Right Bundle Branch Block and Subclinical Coronary Atherosclerosis in Asymptomatic Individuals
    Hyeji Lee, Young-Jee Jeon, Byung Ju Kang, Tae Young Lee, Eun Ji Park, Sangwoo Park, Soe Hee Ann, Yong-Giun Kim, Yongjik Lee, Seong Hoon Choi, Gyung-Min Park
    The American Journal of Cardiology.2021; 158: 30.     CrossRef
  • The association between glucose-related variables and plaque morphology in patients with ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction
    Jinxin Liu, Shanjie Wang, Can Cui, Hengxuan Cai, Rong Sun, Weili Pan, Shaohong Fang, Bo Yu
    Cardiovascular Diabetology.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Choosing Antithrombotic Therapy in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: How to Reduce the Risk of Death
    N. A. Koziolova, P. G. Karavaev, A. S. Veklich
    Kardiologiia.2020; 60(4): 109.     CrossRef
Clinical Diabetes & Therapeutics
Effectiveness and Safety of Adding Basal Insulin Glargine in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Exhibiting Inadequate Response to Metformin and DPP-4 Inhibitors with or without Sulfonylurea
Yu Mi Kang, Chang Hee Jung, Seung-Hwan Lee, Sang-Wook Kim, Kee-Ho Song, Sin Gon Kim, Jae Hyeon Kim, Young Min Cho, Tae Sun Park, Bon Jeong Ku, Gwanpyo Koh, Dol Mi Kim, Byung-Wan Lee, Joong-Yeol Park
Diabetes Metab J. 2019;43(4):432-446.   Published online June 19, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2018.0092
  • 5,551 View
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  • 2 Web of Science
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AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   
Background

We aimed to investigate the effectiveness and safety of adding basal insulin to initiating dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor and metformin and/or sulfonylurea (SU) in achieving the target glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods

This was a single-arm, multicenter, 24-week, open-label, phase 4 study in patients with inadequately controlled (HbA1c ≥7.5%) T2DM despite the use of DPP-4 inhibitor and metformin. A total of 108 patients received insulin glargine while continuing oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs). The primary efficacy endpoint was the percentage of subjects achieving HbA1c ≤7.0%. Other glycemic profiles were also evaluated, and the safety endpoints were adverse events (AEs) and hypoglycemia.

Results

The median HbA1c at baseline (8.9%; range, 7.5% to 11.1%) decreased to 7.6% (5.5% to 11.7%) at 24 weeks. Overall, 31.7% subjects (n=33) achieved the target HbA1c level of ≤7.0%. The mean differences in body weight and fasting plasma glucose were 1.2±3.4 kg and 56.0±49.8 mg/dL, respectively. Hypoglycemia was reported in 36 subjects (33.3%, 112 episodes), all of which were fully recovered. There was no serious AE attributed to insulin glargine. Body weight change was significantly different between SU users and nonusers (1.5±2.5 kg vs. −0.9±6.0 kg, P=0.011).

Conclusion

The combination add-on therapy of insulin glargine, on metformin and DPP-4 inhibitors with or without SU was safe and efficient in reducing HbA1c levels and thus, is a preferable option in managing T2DM patients exhibiting dysglycemia despite the use of OADs.

Citations

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  • Glycaemic control with add‐on thiazolidinedione or a sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitor in patients with type 2 diabetes after the failure of an oral triple antidiabetic regimen: A 24‐week, randomized controlled trial
    Jaehyun Bae, Ji Hye Huh, Minyoung Lee, Yong‐Ho Lee, Byung‐Wan Lee
    Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism.2021; 23(2): 609.     CrossRef
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Epidemiology
Longitudinal Changes of Body Composition Phenotypes and Their Association with Incident Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus during a 5-Year Follow-up in Koreans
Hong-Kyu Kim, Min Jung Lee, Eun-Hee Kim, Sung-Jin Bae, Jaewon Choe, Chul-Hee Kim, Joong-Yeol Park
Diabetes Metab J. 2019;43(5):627-639.   Published online April 19, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2018.0141
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AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   
Background

To elucidate longitudinal changes of complex body composition phenotypes and their association with incident type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods

A total of 17,280 (mean age, 48.1±8.2 years) Korean adults who underwent medical check-ups were included. The mean follow-up duration was 5.5±0.5 years. Body compositions were assessed using a bioelectrical impedance analysis. Four body composition phenotypes were defined using the median of appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) index and fat mass index: low muscle/low fat (LM/LF); high muscle (HM)/LF; LM/high fat (HF); and HM/HF groups.

Results

Of the individuals in the LM/LF or HM/HF groups, over 60% remained in the same group, and over 30% were moved to the LM/HF group. Most of the LM/HF group remained in this group. In the baseline HM/LF group, approximately 30% stayed in the group, and the remaining individuals transitioned to the three other groups in similar proportions. Incident diabetes was significantly lower in participants who remained in the HM/LF group than those who transitioned to the LM/LF or LM/HF group from the baseline HM/LF group in men. ASM index was significantly associated with a decreased risk for incident diabetes in men regardless of obesity status (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 0.71 per kg/m2; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.52 to 0.97 in non-obese) (adjusted OR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.77 to 0.98 in obese) after adjusting for other strong risk factors (e.g., baseline glycosylated hemoglobin and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance).

Conclusion

Maintenance of ASM may be protective against the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus in men, regardless of obesity status.

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Clinical Diabetes & Therapeutics
Asian Subpopulations May Exhibit Greater Cardiovascular Benefit from Long-Acting Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists: A Meta-Analysis of Cardiovascular Outcome Trials
Yu Mi Kang, Yun Kyung Cho, Jiwoo Lee, Seung Eun Lee, Woo Je Lee, Joong-Yeol Park, Ye-Jee Kim, Chang Hee Jung, Michael A. Nauck
Diabetes Metab J. 2019;43(4):410-421.   Published online December 27, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2018.0070
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AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   
Background

Based on reported results of three large cardiovascular outcome trials (CVOTs) of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), we aimed to investigate the overall effect of GLP-1 RAs on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) and to identify subpopulations exhibiting the greatest cardiovascular (CV) benefit.

Methods

Three CVOTs reporting effects of long-acting GLP-1 RAs were included: LEADER (liraglutide), SUSTAIN-6 (semaglutide), and EXSCEL (exenatide once weekly). In all studies, the primary endpoint was three-point MACE, comprising CV death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, and non-fatal stroke. Overall effect estimates were calculated as hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using the random-effects model; subgroup analyses reported in the original studies were similarly analyzed.

Results

Overall, statistically significant risk reductions in MACE and CV death were observed. Subgroup analysis indicated a significant racial difference with respect to CV benefit (P for interaction <0.001), and more substantial risk reductions were observed in subjects of African origin (relative risk [RR], 0.78; 95% CI, 0.60 to 0.99) and in Asians (RR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.09 to 1.32). However, post hoc analysis (Bonferroni method) revealed that only Asians exhibited a significantly greater CV benefit from treatment, compared with white subjects (P<0.0001).

Conclusion

Long-acting GLP-1 RAs reduced risks of MACE and CV deaths in high-risk patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Our findings of a particularly effective reduction in CV events with GLP-1 RA in Asian populations merits further exploration and dedicated trials in specific populations.

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    Frederick Berro Rivera, Nathan Ross B. Bantayan, John Paul Aparece, Linnaeus Louisse A. Cruz, John Vincent Magallong, Polyn Luz Pine, Anne Mira Nicca Idian-Javier, Grace Nooriza O. Lumbang, Edgar V. Lerma, Kyla M. Lara-Breitinger, Martha Gulati, Krishnasw
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Epidemiology
Depression and Mortality in People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, 2003 to 2013: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study
Jong-Hyun Jeong, Yoo Hyun Um, Seung-Hyun Ko, Jong-Heon Park, Joong-Yeol Park, Kyungdo Han, Kyung-Soo Ko
Diabetes Metab J. 2017;41(4):296-302.   Published online August 3, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2017.41.4.296
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AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   
Background

Previous reports have demonstrated a bidirectional relationship between depression and diabetes mellitus (DM), accentuating a need for more intensive depression screening in DM patients. There is a relative paucity of data on the mortality of depressed DM patients in Korea.

Methods

Retrospective data from January 2003 to December 2013 were collected for adult type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients older than 30 years using the National Health Information database maintained by the Korean National Health Insurance Service (NHIS). Demographic characteristics were analyzed with descriptive statistics, and the annual prevalence of depression was estimated. Mortality rates and hazard ratios for each age group (stratified into six age groups) of patients diagnosed with T2DM in 2003 were estimated using a Cox proportional hazard method, with the Kaplan-Meier cumulative survival curve showing the overall survival rates according to the T2DM status until the given year of 2013.

Results

The annual prevalence of depression was consistently higher in T2DM group from 2003 to 2013. The mortality hazard ratio was higher in the depressed in all age groups, and the risk was higher in male groups and in younger-aged groups.

Conclusion

Depression was significantly associated with a high mortality risk in T2DM patients; hence, a more systematic surveillance of T2DM patients to identify risk factors for depression might contribute significantly to reducing mortality risk in this group of patients.

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Complications
Serum Total Bilirubin Levels Provide Additive Risk Information over the Framingham Risk Score for Identifying Asymptomatic Diabetic Patients at Higher Risk for Coronary Artery Stenosis
Jaechan Leem, Eun Hee Koh, Jung Eun Jang, Chang-Yun Woo, Jin Sun Oh, Min Jung Lee, Joon-Won Kang, Tae-Hwan Lim, Chang Hee Jung, Woo Je Lee, Joong-Yeol Park, Ki-Up Lee
Diabetes Metab J. 2015;39(5):414-423.   Published online October 22, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2015.39.5.414
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AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   
Background

The diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD) is often delayed in patients with type 2 diabetes. Serum total bilirubin levels are inversely associated with CAD. However, no studies have examined whether this can be used as a biochemical marker for identifying asymptomatic diabetic patients at higher risk for having obstructive CAD.

Methods

We performed a cross-sectional study of 460 consecutive asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes. All patients underwent coronary computed tomographic angiography, and their serum total bilirubin levels were measured. Obstructive CAD was defined as ≥50% diameter stenosis in at least one coronary artery.

Results

Serum total bilirubin tertiles showed an inverse association with the prevalence of obstructive CAD. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, the odds ratio for the highest versus the lowest tertile of total bilirubin was 0.227 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.130 to 0.398), and an increment of 1 µmol/L in serum total bilirubin level was associated with a 14.6% decrease in obstructive CAD after adjustment for confounding variables. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the area under the curve for the Framingham Risk Score (FRS) plus serum total bilirubin level was 0.712 (95% CI, 0.668 to 0.753), which is significantly greater than that of the FRS alone (P=0.0028).

Conclusion

Serum total bilirubin level is inversely associated with obstructive CAD and provides additive risk information over the FRS. Serum total bilirubin may be helpful for identifying asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes who are at higher risk for obstructive CAD.

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Serum Ceruloplasmin Level as a Predictor for the Progression of Diabetic Nephropathy in Korean Men with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Min Jung Lee, Chang Hee Jung, Yu Mi Kang, Jung Eun Jang, Jaechan Leem, Joong-Yeol Park, Woo Je Lee
Diabetes Metab J. 2015;39(3):230-239.   Published online April 22, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2015.39.3.230
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AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   
Background

Oxidative stress is known to be associated with progression of diabetic kidney disease. Ceruloplasmin acts as a pro-oxidant under conditions of severe oxidative stress. Thus, we conducted a longitudinal observational study to evaluate whether the serum ceruloplasmin level is a predictive biomarker for progression of diabetic nephropathy.

Methods

A total of 643 Korean men with type 2 diabetes mellitus were enrolled. Serum ceruloplasmin was measured using a nephelometric method. Progression of diabetic nephropathy was defined as transition in albuminuria class (i.e., normoalbuminuria to microalbuminuria, microalbuminuria to macroalbuminuria, or normoalbuminuria to macroalbuminuria) and/or a greater than 2-fold increase of serum creatinine at follow-up compared with the baseline value.

Results

During the follow-up period (median, 2.7 years; range, 0.3 to 4.4 years), 49 of 643 patients (7.6%) showed the progression of diabetic nephropathy and three patients (0.5%) developed end-stage renal disease. Baseline ceruloplasmin levels were higher in the progressors than in the nonprogressors (262.6±40.9 mg/L vs. 233.3±37.8 mg/L, P<0.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a significantly higher incidence of nephropathy progression according to ceruloplasmin tertile (log-rank test, P<0.001). The hazard ratio (HR) for progression of diabetic nephropathy was significantly higher in the highest ceruloplasmin tertile category compared with the lowest ceruloplasmin tertile category, even after adjusting for confounding variables (HR, 3.32; 95% confidence interval, 1.28 to 8.61; P=0.003).

Conclusion

Baseline serum ceruloplasmin is an independent predictive factor for the progression of diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Citations

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Clinical Features and Causes of Endogenous Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia in Korea
Chang-Yun Woo, Ji Yun Jeong, Jung Eun Jang, Jaechan Leem, Chang Hee Jung, Eun Hee Koh, Woo Je Lee, Min-Seon Kim, Joong-Yeol Park, Jung Bok Lee, Ki-Up Lee
Diabetes Metab J. 2015;39(2):126-131.   Published online March 9, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2015.39.2.126
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AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   
Background

Endogenous hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia (EHH) is characterized by an inappropriately high plasma insulin level, despite a low plasma glucose level. Most of the EHH cases are caused by insulinoma, whereas nesidioblastosis and insulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS) are relatively rare.

Methods

To evaluate the relative frequencies of various causes of EHH in Korea, we retrospectively analyzed 84 patients who were diagnosed with EHH from 1998 to 2012 in a university hospital.

Results

Among the 84 EHH patients, 74 patients (88%), five (6%), and five (6%) were diagnosed with insulinoma, nesidioblastosis or IAS, respectively. The most common clinical manifestation of EHH was neuroglycopenic symptoms. Symptom duration before diagnosis was 14.5 months (range, 1 to 120 months) for insulinoma, 1.0 months (range, 6 days to 7 months) for nesidioblastosis, and 2.0 months (range, 1 to 12 months) for IAS. One patient, who was diagnosed with nesidioblastosis in 2006, underwent distal pancreatectomy but was later determined to be positive for insulin autoantibodies. Except for one patient who was diagnosed in 2007, the remaining three patients with nesidioblastosis demonstrated severe hyperinsulinemia (157 to 2,719 µIU/mL), which suggests that these patients might have had IAS, rather than nesidioblastosis.

Conclusion

The results of this study suggest that the prevalence of IAS may be higher in Korea than previously thought. Therefore, measurement of insulin autoantibody levels is warranted for EHH patients, especially in patients with very high plasma insulin levels.

Citations

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Background and Data Configuration Process of a Nationwide Population-Based Study Using the Korean National Health Insurance System
Sun Ok Song, Chang Hee Jung, Young Duk Song, Cheol-Young Park, Hyuk-Sang Kwon, Bong Soo Cha, Joong-Yeol Park, Ki-Up Lee, Kyung Soo Ko, Byung-Wan Lee
Diabetes Metab J. 2014;38(5):395-403.   Published online October 17, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2014.38.5.395
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AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   
Background

The National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) recently signed an agreement to provide limited open access to the databases within the Korean Diabetes Association for the benefit of Korean subjects with diabetes. Here, we present the history, structure, contents, and way to use data procurement in the Korean National Health Insurance (NHI) system for the benefit of Korean researchers.

Methods

The NHIS in Korea is a single-payer program and is mandatory for all residents in Korea. The three main healthcare programs of the NHI, Medical Aid, and long-term care insurance (LTCI) provide 100% coverage for the Korean population. The NHIS in Korea has adopted a fee-for-service system to pay health providers. Researchers can obtain health information from the four databases of the insured that contain data on health insurance claims, health check-ups and LTCI.

Results

Metabolic disease as chronic disease is increasing with aging society. NHIS data is based on mandatory, serial population data, so, this might show the time course of disease and predict some disease progress, and also be used in primary and secondary prevention of disease after data mining.

Conclusion

The NHIS database represents the entire Korean population and can be used as a population-based database. The integrated information technology of the NHIS database makes it a world-leading population-based epidemiology and disease research platform.

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    American Journal of Gastroenterology.2023; 118(6): 1001.     CrossRef
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    Jung Eun Yoo, Kyungdo Han, Jin‐Hyung Jung, Yang‐Im Hur, Yang Hyun Kim, Eun Sook Kim, Jang Won Son, Eun‐Jung Rhee, Won‐Young Lee, Ga Eun Nam
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    Yun Kyung Cho, Ji Hye Huh, Shinje Moon, Yoon Jung Kim, Yang‐Hyun Kim, Kyung‐do Han, Jun Goo Kang, Seong Jin Lee, Sung‐Hee Ihm
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    Yoonjeong Choi, Young-Eun Kim, Ja-Ho Leigh, Ye Seol Lee, Han-Kyoul Kim, You Gyoung Yi, Jinyoung Lee, Min-Yong Lee, Gangpyo Lee, Hyung-Ik Shin, Moon Suk Bang
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    International Journal of Drug Policy.2023; 112: 103953.     CrossRef
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  • Efficacy of acupuncture on cardiovascular complications in patients with diabetes mellitus in Korea: A nationwide retrospective cohort
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    Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    The Journal of Arthroplasty.2023; 38(8): 1470.     CrossRef
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    IEEE Access.2023; 11: 17983.     CrossRef
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    Daniel Duck-Jin Hwang, Kyung-Eun Lee, Yuwon Kim, Myoung-Suk Kim, Tyler Hyungtaek Rim, Mina Kim, Hasung Kim, Dae-Sung Kyoung, Ji In Park
    JAMA Network Open.2023; 6(3): e233068.     CrossRef
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    The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Bokyung Kim, Jin-Hyung Jung, Kyungdo Han, Seungkyung Kang, Eunwoo Lee, Hyunsoo Chung, Sang Gyun Kim, Soo-Jeong Cho
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    Mi Hee Cho, Kyungdo Han, Seungwoo Lee, Su-Min Jeong, Jung Eun Yoo, SangYun Kim, Jinkook Lee, Sohyun Chun, Dong Wook Shin
    Alzheimer's Research & Therapy.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Sanghyun Oh, Jihwan Lee, Yoo S Hong, Kyuwoong Kim
    European Journal of Preventive Cardiology.2023; 30(8): 670.     CrossRef
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    Juncheol Lee, Yongil Cho, Jaehoon Oh, Hyunggoo Kang, Tae Ho Lim, Byuk Sung Ko, Kyung Hun Yoo, Sang Hwan Lee
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    Siin Kim, Hae Sun Suh
    Journal of Clinical Medicine.2023; 12(8): 2860.     CrossRef
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  • The Association between Metabolic Syndrome and Epithelial Cell Abnormalities Detected on Pap Smear: A Nationwide Population-Based Study
    Dayong Lee, Taek Sang Lee
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    Eun‐Saem Choi, Young Mi Jung, Kyu‐Dong Cho, Sungyeon Ha, Jeongwon Sohn, Su Jung Hong, Min‐Jeong Oh, Chan‐Wook Park, Joong Shin Park, Jong Kwan Jun, Seung Mi Lee, Geum Joon Cho
    BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology.2023; 130(11): 1370.     CrossRef
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    Clinical Epidemiology.2023; Volume 15: 535.     CrossRef
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    Yeonjin Je, Kyungdo Han, Jaeyoung Chun, Yuna Kim, Jie-Hyun Kim, Young Hoon Youn, Hyojin Park, Jong Pil Im, Joo Sung Kim
    Journal of Crohn's and Colitis.2023; 17(5): 681.     CrossRef
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    Journal of Anesthesia.2023; 37(4): 522.     CrossRef
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    Kwang Hyun Lee, Ji Hye Bae, Jeesun Lee, Young Mi Jung, Chan-Wook Park, Joong Shin Park, Jong Kwan Jun, Geum Joon Cho, Seung Mi Lee
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    Jaehyun Lim, You-Jung Choi, Bong Sung Kim, Tae-Min Rhee, Hyun-Jung Lee, Kyung-Do Han, Jun-Bean Park, Jin Oh Na, Yong-Jin Kim, Heesun Lee, Hyung-Kwan Kim
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    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    European Journal of Endocrinology.2023; 189(2): 225.     CrossRef
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    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    PLOS ONE.2023; 18(10): e0292362.     CrossRef
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    Journal of Psychiatric Research.2023; 167: 93.     CrossRef
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    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Psychiatry Research.2023; 330: 115613.     CrossRef
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    European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology.2023; 79(12): 1699.     CrossRef
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    The Open Neurology Journal.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Journal of the American Heart Association.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Annals of Surgery.2023; 278(6): 1024.     CrossRef
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    The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Journal of Clinical Medicine.2023; 13(1): 92.     CrossRef
  • Cost-effectiveness of the anti-vascular endothelial growth factor intravitreal injection and panretinal photocoagulation for patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy in South Korea
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    Nutrients.2023; 15(24): 5040.     CrossRef
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    Endocrinology and Metabolism.2023; 38(6): 690.     CrossRef
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    Rheumatology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Proton Pump Inhibitor Co-Therapy in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation Treated with Oral Anticoagulants and a Prior History of Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Bleeding
    So-Ryoung Lee, Soonil Kwon, Eue-Keun Choi, Jin-Hyung Jung, Kyung-Do Han, Seil Oh, Gregory Y. H. Lip
    Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy.2022; 36(4): 679.     CrossRef
  • Institutional case volume-incorporated mortality risk prediction model for cardiac surgery
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    Asian Journal of Surgery.2022; 45(1): 189.     CrossRef
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    Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery.2022; 34(3): 906.     CrossRef
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    The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine.2022; 37(6): 1250.     CrossRef
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    Hepatology Communications.2022; 6(4): 740.     CrossRef
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    Hypertension.2022; 79(1): 218.     CrossRef
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    European Journal of Preventive Cardiology.2022; 29(3): 547.     CrossRef
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    Neurological Sciences.2022; 43(5): 3395.     CrossRef
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    Journal of Chemotherapy.2022; 34(8): 534.     CrossRef
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    Investigative and Clinical Urology.2022; 63(1): 92.     CrossRef
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    Korean Circulation Journal.2022; 52(2): 136.     CrossRef
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    Journal of Neurotrauma.2022; 39(5-6): 390.     CrossRef
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    Biomedicines.2022; 10(2): 303.     CrossRef
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    Clinical Nutrition Research.2022; 11(1): 32.     CrossRef
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    JAMA Network Open.2022; 5(2): e220262.     CrossRef
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    Journal of Psychiatric Research.2022; 149: 226.     CrossRef
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    Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery.2022; 143(5): 2307.     CrossRef
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    PLOS ONE.2022; 17(4): e0266262.     CrossRef
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    Cancer Research and Treatment.2022; 54(2): 572.     CrossRef
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    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(9): 4949.     CrossRef
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    Nutrients.2022; 14(8): 1644.     CrossRef
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    Journal of Personalized Medicine.2022; 12(5): 691.     CrossRef
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    Scientific Reports.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Hepatology Communications.2022; 6(9): 2455.     CrossRef
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    Yonsei Medical Journal.2022; 63(8): 774.     CrossRef
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    Scientific Reports.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
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  • Development of stroke identification algorithm for claims data using the multicenter stroke registry database
    Jun Yup Kim, Keon-Joo Lee, Jihoon Kang, Beom Joon Kim, Moon-Ku Han, Seong-Eun Kim, Heeyoung Lee, Jong-Moo Park, Kyusik Kang, Soo Joo Lee, Jae Guk Kim, Jae-Kwan Cha, Dae-Hyun Kim, Tai Hwan Park, Moo-Seok Park, Sang-Soon Park, Kyung Bok Lee, Hong-Kyun Park,
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  • Bodyweight fluctuation is associated with increased risk of incident atrial fibrillation
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    Environment International.2020; 145: 106133.     CrossRef
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  • Association between institutional case volume and mortality following thoracic aorta replacement: a nationwide Korean cohort study
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  • Infection, antibiotic exposure and development of atopic dermatitis: A nationwide case–control study
    Chong Won Choi, Bo Ram Yang, Dong In Suh, Mi‐Sook Kim, Jungyoon Ohn, Jong Soo Hong, Joongyub Lee, Kyu Han Kim
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  • Effect of the variability of blood pressure, glucose level, total cholesterol level, and body mass index on the risk of atrial fibrillation in a healthy population
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    Heart Rhythm.2020; 17(1): 12.     CrossRef
  • Impact of Mitral Valve Repair Case Volume on Postoperative Mortality ― A Nationwide Korean Cohort Study ―
    Karam Nam, Eun Jin Jang, Jun Woo Jo, Jae Woong Choi, Jun Gi Jo, Jaehun Lee, Ho Geol Ryu
    Circulation Journal.2020; 84(9): 1493.     CrossRef
  • The Clinical Impact of Body Mass Index on Breast Cancer in Korea: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study
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  • Improved oral hygiene care is associated with decreased risk of occurrence for atrial fibrillation and heart failure: A nationwide population-based cohort study
    Yoonkyung Chang, Ho Geol Woo, Jin Park, Ji Sung Lee, Tae-Jin Song
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  • Increased Mortality Burden in Young Asian Subjects with Dysglycemia and Comorbidities
    Eun-Jung Rhee, Inha Jung, Hyemi Kwon, Se Eun Park, Yang-Hyun Kim, Kyung-Do Han, Yong-Gyu Park, Won-Young Lee
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  • Fasting Plasma Glucose Variability and Gastric Cancer Risk in Individuals Without Diabetes Mellitus: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study
    So-hyeon Hong, Eunjin Noh, Jinsil Kim, Soon Young Hwang, Jun A. Kim, You-Bin Lee, Eun Roh, Kyung Mook Choi, Sei Hyun Baik, Geum Joon Cho, Hye Jin Yoo
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  • Use of Gadoxetic Acid–enhanced Liver MRI and Mortality in More than 30 000 Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Nationwide Analysis
    Tae Wook Kang, Sun-Young Kong, Danbee Kang, Min Woong Kang, Young Kon Kim, Seong Hyun Kim, Dong Hyun Sinn, Young Ae Kim, Kui Son Choi, Eun Sook Lee, Sang Myung Woo, Joung Hwan Back, Eliseo Guallar, Juhee Cho
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  • Impact of Mean and Variability of High‐Density Lipoprotein‐Cholesterol on the Risk of Myocardial Infarction, Stroke, and Mortality in the General Population
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  • Pneumonia risk and its associated factors in Parkinson's disease: A National Database Study
    Jun Hee Won, Seong Jun Byun, Byung-Mo Oh, Han-Joon Kim, Sang Jun Park, Han Gil Seo
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  • The Association with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and paediatric atopic dermatitis: a 12-year Nationwide Cohort Study
    M. Choi, S. J. Byun, D. H. Lee, K. H. Kim, K. H. Park, S. J. Park
    Eye.2020; 34(10): 1909.     CrossRef
  • Peripartum Blood Transfusions are Associated with Increased Risk of Cancer: A National Retrospective Cohort Study


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    Clinical Epidemiology.2020; Volume 12: 659.     CrossRef
  • The Burden of Cervical Cancer in Korea: A Population-Based Study
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    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2020; 17(17): 6308.     CrossRef
  • Temporal trends of catheter ablation for patients with atrial fibrillation: A Korean nationwide population‐based study
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  • Trend of prevalence and incidence of systemic lupus erythematosus in South Korea, 2005 to 2015: a nationwide population-based study
    Eun Hui Bae, Sang Yeob Lim, Kyung-Do Han, Jin-Hyung Jung, Hong Sang Choi, Ha Yeon Kim, Chang Seong Kim, Seong Kwon Ma, Soo Wan Kim
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  • Achievement of the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol goal among patients with dyslipidemia in South Korea
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  • Oral health and gastrointestinal cancer: A nationwide cohort study
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  • Site-specific cancer risk in patients with type 2 diabetes: a nationwide population-based cohort study in Korea
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    Ji Hong You, Sun Ok Song, Min Jin Kang, Yoon Young Cho, Sun Wook Kim, Sung Hwan Suh, Sujin Lee, Yong-ho Lee, Byung-Wan Lee
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  • The association between hospital case volume and in-hospital and one-year mortality after hip fracture surgery
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  • Association between physical activity and conversion from mild cognitive impairment to dementia
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  • Does Diabetes Increase the Risk of Contracting COVID-19? A Population-Based Study in Korea
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    Annals of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism.2020; 25(4): 248.     CrossRef
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  • Big Data in Ophthalmology
    Ching-Yu Cheng, Zhi Da Soh, Shivani Majithia, Sahil Thakur, Tyler Hyungtaek Rim, Yih Chung Tham, Tien Yin Wong
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  • Maintenance of body weight is an important determinant for the risk of ischemic stroke: A nationwide population-based cohort study
    Jung-Hwan Cho, Eun-Jung Rhee, Se Eun Park, Hyemi Kwon, Jin-Hyung Jung, Kyung-Do Han, Yong-Gyu Park, Soon-Jib Yoo, Yang-Hyun Kim, Won-Young Lee, Sabine Rohrmann
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  • Effect of Institutional Case Volume on In-Hospital and Long-Term Mortality in Critically Ill Patients Requiring Mechanical Ventilation for 48 Hours or More
    Hannah Lee, Seongmi Choi, Eun Jin Jang, Juhee Lee, Dalho Kim, Seokha Yoo, Seung Young Oh, Ho Geol Ryu
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  • Effect of Institutional Case Volume on In-hospital Mortality After Living Donor Liver Transplantation: Analysis of 7073 Cases Between 2007 and 2016 in Korea
    Seokha Yoo, Eun Jin Jang, Nam-Joon Yi, Ga Hee Kim, Dal Ho Kim, Hannah Lee, Chul-Woo Jung, Ho Geol Ryu
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  • Increased risk of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo in osteoporosis: a nationwide population-based cohort study
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  • Incremental economic burden associated with exudative age-related macular degeneration: a population-based study
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  • Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Are at an Increased Risk of Parkinson’s Disease: A South Korean Nationwide Population-Based Study
    Seona Park, Jihye Kim, Jaeyoung Chun, Kyungdo Han, Hosim Soh, Eun Ae Kang, Hyun Jung Lee, Jong Pil Im, Joo Sung Kim
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  • Effect of hypertension duration and blood pressure level on ischaemic stroke risk in atrial fibrillation: nationwide data covering the entire Korean population
    Tae-Hoon Kim, Pil-Sung Yang, Hee Tae Yu, Eunsun Jang, Hyejung Shin, Ha Yan Kim, Jae-Sun Uhm, Jong-Youn Kim, Jung-Hoon Sung, Hui-Nam Pak, Moon-Hyoung Lee, Boyoung Joung, Gregory Y H Lip
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  • Perioperative red blood cell transfusion and mortality following heart transplantation: A retrospective nationwide population‐based study between 2007 and 2016 in Korea
    Karam Nam, Eun Jin Jang, Ga Hee Kim, Hyung Been Yhim, Hannah Lee, Dal Ho Kim, Ho Geol Ryu
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  • The Effect of Health-Related Behaviors on Disease Progression and Mortality in Early Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease: A Korean Nationwide Population-Based Study
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  • Association of body mass index with bladder cancer risk in men depends on abdominal obesity
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  • Time‐ and Dose‐Dependent Association of Statin Use With Risk of Clinically Relevant New‐Onset Diabetes Mellitus in Primary Prevention: A Nationwide Observational Cohort Study
    Min Jung Ko, Ae Jeong Jo, Yun Jung Kim, Shin Hee Kang, Songhee Cho, Sang‐Ho Jo, Cheol‐Young Park, Sung‐Cheol Yun, Woo Je Lee, Duk‐Woo Park
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  • Association between BMI and risk of severe hypoglycaemia in type 2 diabetes
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  • Risk of Incident Dementia According to Metabolic Health and Obesity Status in Late Life: A Population-Based Cohort Study
    Ji-Yeon Lee, Kyungdo Han, Eugene Han, Gyuri Kim, Hanna Cho, Kwang Joon Kim, Byung Wan Lee, Eun Seok Kang, Bong-Soo Cha, Carol Brayne, Yong-ho Lee
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  • Increased Risk of Osteoporotic Fracture in Postgastrectomy Gastric Cancer Survivors Compared With Matched Controls: A Nationwide Cohort Study in Korea
    Dong Wook Shin, Beomseok Suh, Hyunsun Lim, Yun-Suhk Suh, Yoon Jin Choi, Su-Min Jeong, Jae Moon Yun, Sun Ok Song, Youngmin Park
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  • Metabolic syndrome is associated with an increased risk of psoriasis: A nationwide population-based study
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  • Association of Exposure to Diagnostic Low-Dose Ionizing Radiation With Risk of Cancer Among Youths in South Korea
    Jae-Young Hong, Kyungdo Han, Jin-Hyung Jung, Jung Sun Kim
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  • Long‐term clinical outcomes in patients with autoimmune hepatitis according to treatment response in Asian country
    Jonggi Choi, Gwang Hyeon Choi, Danbi Lee, Ju Hyun Shim, Young‐Suk Lim, Han Chu Lee, Young‐Hwa Chung, Yung‐Sang Lee, Kang Mo Kim
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  • Effectiveness and Safety of Direct Oral Anticoagulant for Secondary Prevention in Asians with Atrial Fibrillation
    Jiesuck Park, So-Ryoung Lee, Eue-Keun Choi, Soonil Kwon, Jin-Hyung Jung, Kyung-Do Han, Myung-Jin Cha, Sang-Bae Ko, Seil Oh, Gregory Y. H. Lip
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  • Optimal Rivaroxaban Dose in Asian Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Normal or Mildly Impaired Renal Function
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    Stroke.2019; 50(5): 1140.     CrossRef
  • Tobacco Smoking and Alcohol Consumption Are Related to Benign Parotid Tumor: A Nested Case-Control Study Using a National Health Screening Cohort
    So Young Kim, Chanyang Min, Dong Jun Oh, Hyo Geun Choi
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  • Increased Risk of Diabetes in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients: A Nationwide Population-based Study in Korea
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  • Changes in the Diagnostic Efficiency of Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy during the Era of Increased Thyroid Cancer Screening in Korea
    Young Ki Lee, Kyeong Hye Park, Young Duk Song, Taemi Youk, Joo Young Nam, Sun Ok Song, Dong Yeob Shin, Eun Jig Lee
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  • Safety and Effectiveness of Contemporary P2Y 12 Inhibitors in an East Asian Population With Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Nationwide Population‐Based Cohort Study
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  • Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Patients With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation and Low Body Weight
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    Journal of the American College of Cardiology.2019; 73(8): 919.     CrossRef
  • Trends in varicella and herpes zoster epidemiology before and after the implementation of universal one-dose varicella vaccination over one decade in South Korea, 2003–2015
    Jae-Ki Choi, Sun Hee Park, Sanghyun Park, Su-Mi Choi, Si-Hyun Kim, Dong-Gun Lee, Jin-Hong Yoo, Jung-Hyun Choi, Jin Han Kang
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  • Obesity Fact Sheet in Korea, 2018: Data Focusing on Waist Circumference and Obesity-Related Comorbidities
    Ga Eun Nam, Yang-Hyun Kim, Kyungdo Han, Jin-Hyung Jung, Yong Gyu Park, Kwan-Woo Lee, Eun-Jung Rhee, Jang Won Son, Seong-Su Lee, Hyuk-Sang Kwon, Won-Young Lee, Soon Jib Yoo
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  • Long-Term Impact of Newly Diagnosed Atrial Fibrillation During Critical Care
    Kyu Kim, Pil-Sung Yang, Eunsun Jang, Hee Tae Yu, Tae-Hoon Kim, Jae-Sun Uhm, Jong-Youn Kim, Jung-Hoon Sung, Hui-Nam Pak, Moon-Hyoung Lee, Gregory Y.H. Lip, Boyoung Joung
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  • Correlation of Androgen Deprivation Therapy with Cognitive Dysfunction in Patients with Prostate Cancer: A Nationwide Population-Based Study Using the National Health Insurance Service Database
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  • Non-Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation and Valvular Heart Disease
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  • Relation between Baseline Height and New Diabetes Development: A Nationwide Population-Based Study
    Eun-Jung Rhee, Jung-Hwan Cho, Hyemi Kwon, Se-Eun Park, Jin-Hyung Jung, Kyung-Do Han, Yong-Gyu Park, Yang-Hyun Kim, Won-Young Lee
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  • The Risk of Myocardial Infarction and Ischemic Stroke According to Waist Circumference in 21,749,261 Korean Adults: A Nationwide Population-Based Study
    Jung-Hwan Cho, Eun-Jung Rhee, Se-Eun Park, Hyemi Kwon, Jin-Hyung Jung, Kyung-Do Han, Yong-Gyu Park, Hye Soon Park, Yang-Hyun Kim, Soon-Jib Yoo, Won-Young Lee
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  • The risk of end-stage renal disease in systemic lupus erythematosus
    Hong Sang Choi, Kyung-Do Han, Jin-Hyung Jung, Chang Seong Kim, Eun Hui Bae, Seong Kwon Ma, Soo Wan Kim
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  • Antithrombotic Therapy in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention During 2-Year Follow-Up, from a Nationwide Population Study
    Jiesuck Park, Eue-Keun Choi, Kyung-Do Han, You-Jung Choi, So-Ryoung Lee, Myung-Jin Cha, Jeehoon Kang, Kyung Woo Park, Seil Oh, Gregory Y.H. Lip
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  • Outcomes After Use of Standard- and Low-Dose Non–Vitamin K Oral Anticoagulants in Asian Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
    Min Soo Cho, Ji Eun Yun, Ji Jeong Park, Yun Jung Kim, Jessie Lee, Hyungmin Kim, Duk-Woo Park, Gi-Byoung Nam
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  • Association between Atrial Fibrillation, Myocardial Infarction, Heart Failure and Mortality in Patients with Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infection: a nationwide population-based study
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  • National practice patterns and direct medical costs for prostate cancer in Korea across a 10 year period: a nationwide population-based study using a national health insurance database
    Ho Won Kang, Seok-Joong Yun, Jae Il Chung, Hoon Choi, Jae Heon Kim, Ho Song Yu, Yun-Sok Ha, In-Chang Cho, Hyung Joon Kim, Hyun Chul Chung, Jun Sung Koh, Wun-Jae Kim, Jong-Hyock Park, Ji Youl Lee, So-Young Kim
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  • Actinic keratosis and diabetes complications: A nationwide population-based study in South Korea (2009–2015)
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  • Ankylosing spondylitis: A novel risk factor for atrial fibrillation — A nationwide population-based study
    Inki Moon, Eue-Keun Choi, Jin-Hyung Jung, Kyung-Do Han, You-Jung Choi, Jiesuck Park, Jun Hwan Cho, Euijae Lee, Wonseok Choe, So-Ryoung Lee, Myung-Jin Cha, Woo-Hyun Lim, Seil Oh
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  • Cancer risk among young men with weight gain after smoking cessation: A population-based cohort study
    Kyuwoong Kim, Seulggie Choi, Gyeongsil Lee, Su-Min Jeong, Sung Min Kim, Joung Sik Son, Jae-Moon Yun, Yeon-Yong Kim, Seong Yong Park, Sang Min Park
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Review
A Novel Therapeutic Agent for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: SGLT2 Inhibitor
Chang Hee Jung, Jung Eun Jang, Joong-Yeol Park
Diabetes Metab J. 2014;38(4):261-273.   Published online August 20, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2014.38.4.261
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AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex endocrine and metabolic disorder, and a major public health problem that is rapidly increasing in prevalence. Although a wide range of pharmacotherapies for glycemic control is now available, management of T2DM remains complex and challenging. The kidneys contribute immensely to glucose homeostasis by reabsorbing glucose from the glomerular filtrate. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, a new class of antidiabetic agents that inhibit glucose absorption from the kidney independent of insulin, offer a unique opportunity to improve the outcomes of patients with T2DM. In this review, we provide an overview of two globally-approved SGLT2 inhibitors, dapagliflozin and canagliflozin, and discuss their effects and safety. This information will help clinicians to decide whether these drugs will benefit their patients.

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Original Article
Plasma Glucose Regulation and Mortality in Korea: A Pooled Analysis of Three Community-Based Cohort Studies
Nan Hee Kim, Dong-Jun Kim, Seok Won Park, Jee-Young Oh, Joong-Yeol Park, Chol Shin, Hong Kyu Lee, Yongsoo Park
Diabetes Metab J. 2014;38(1):44-50.   Published online February 19, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2014.38.1.44
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AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   
Background

Although diabetes is a well-known risk factor for death, its impact on cancer death is not clearly understood. Furthermore, it remains controversial whether impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and/or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) are associated with increased risk of mortality. We investigated the impact of diabetes or glucose tolerance categories on all cause and cause-specific mortality.

Methods

Mortality analysis was conducted in three population-based cohort studies of 3,801 participants, divided according to fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (normal; stage 1 IFG [5.6≤FPG<6.1 mmol/L]; stage 2 IFG [6.1≤FPG<7.0 mmol/L]; diabetes mellitus [DM]-FPG); or 2-hour glucose after 75 g glucose loading (2hPG) (normal; IGT; DM-2hPG), or a combination of FPG and 2hPG criteria.

Results

During a median follow-up of 11.0 years, 474 subjects died from all causes. Hazard ratios (HRs) for all cause death were higher in those with diabetes as defined by either FPG or 2hPG criteria than their normal counterparts (HR, 2.2, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.6 to 2.9 for DM-FPG; HR, 2.0, 95% CI, 1.5 to 2.7 for DM-2hPG). Similarly, diabetes defined by either FPG or 2hPG was associated with cancer death (HR, 2.9, 95% CI, 1.7 to 5.0; and HR, 2.1, 95% CI, 1.2 to 3.9, respectively). Although neither IFG nor IGT conferred higher risk for death, when combining stage 2 IFG and/or IGT, the risk of all cause death was higher than in subjects with normal glucose regulation (HR, 1.3; 95% CI, 1.0 to 1.6).

Conclusion

Diabetes is associated with higher risk of death from all causes and cancer. In subjects without diabetes, stage 2 IFG and/or IGT confers increased risk for mortality.

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